Which document lists the qualifications and attributes a person must have to perform a job?

• A. Job description
• B. Job specification
• C. Performance standard
• D. Position profile

Answer: (B)

The job specification is the document that lists the qualifications and attributes a person must have to perform the job. It specifies education, training, experience, skills, abilities, licenses or certifications, and any physical or other requirements needed for the role. This helps ensure that applicants meet the minimum criteria and supports fair, defensible hiring decisions.

In contrast, a job description focuses on what the job entails—the duties, responsibilities, and reporting relationships. A performance standard defines the expected level of performance or outcomes for the role. A position profile provides an overview of the role and its place within the organization, sometimes touching on competencies, but it does not center on the specific prerequisites in the way a job specification does.