In the SARA model, which phase involves identifying and understanding the causes and contributing factors of a problem?

• A. Scanning
• B. Assessment
• C. Analysis
• D. Response

Answer: (C)

Analysis is where you dig into the data gathered during scanning to understand why the problem exists, focusing on root causes and contributing factors. This step goes beyond just noting that a problem occurs; it involves examining patterns, testing ideas about what drives the issue, and seeing how different elements—such as offender behavior, community conditions, and gaps in policy or practice—interact to sustain the problem. This deeper understanding is what guides the choice of interventions in the response stage and shapes what you measure in the assessment stage. Scanning identifies and describes the problem, analysis explains the why behind it, response implements the chosen strategies, and assessment evaluates whether those strategies reduced the problem and what to adjust next.